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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

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Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
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Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

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Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
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The Skin Microbiota01:27

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The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
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Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

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Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
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Tinea capitis in adults.

Isabella C Auchus1, Kimberley M Ward, Robert T Brodell

  • 1University of Pennsylvania.

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|May 3, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tinea capitis, a fungal infection, often presents with scalp scaling and inflammation. Delayed diagnosis in adults due to low suspicion can hinder effective treatment of this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp caused by dermatophytes.
  • It presents with erythema, scaling, and crusting, primarily in children but also in adults.

Observation:

  • Endothrix tinea capitis (Trichophyton tonsurans) causes generalized scaling and perifollicular inflammation.
  • Ectothrix tinea capitis (Microsporum sp.) presents as erythematous plaques resembling psoriasis.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis is confirmed via H&E stains, KOH preparations, or fungal cultures.
  • Adults with scaling and alopecia may be misdiagnosed, delaying tinea capitis treatment.

Implications:

  • Low suspicion in adults can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
  • Resistance to treatments for seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis warrants investigation for tinea capitis.
  • Systemic antifungal agents are crucial for treating confirmed cases.