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Evolving treatments for advanced gastric cancer: appraisal of the survival trend
Michela Roberto1, Adriana Romiti1, Concetta Elisa Onesti1
1a Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department , Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy.
Abstract:
Introduction and areas covered: We analysed the results of the main clinical studies looking at patients with advanced gastric or esophagogastric junction cancer, in order to differentiate between what is already clinical evidence and what is a promise for the cure of such patients. Thus, achievements from key studies, which had been purposely directed at chemotherapy, molecular target therapies and immunotherapy in both first and second-line setting were analysed. Metronomic chemotherapy, which consists of the administration of continuative low-dose anticancer drugs, was considered also. Expert commentary: It was found that patients included in experimental arms of randomized trials compared with controls have often benefited from a statistically significant extension of overall survival. However, further studies are awaited to bring new drugs into clinical practice and to validate candidate biomarkers predictive of response.
Insights
Clinical studies show advanced gastric cancer treatments offer survival benefits. Further research is needed for new drugs and predictive biomarkers to improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Advanced gastric and esophagogastric junction cancers present significant treatment challenges.
- Current treatment strategies include chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies, and immunotherapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate clinical evidence for existing treatments in advanced gastric cancer.
- To distinguish established clinical benefits from future therapeutic promises.
- To analyze first and second-line treatment settings.
Main Methods:
- Systematic analysis of key clinical studies in advanced gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer.
- Review of randomized trials focusing on chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies, and immunotherapy.
- Inclusion of metronomic chemotherapy in the analysis.
Main Results:
- Patients in experimental arms of randomized trials demonstrated statistically significant improvements in overall survival compared to controls.
- Chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies, and immunotherapy have shown efficacy in first and second-line settings.
- Metronomic chemotherapy was also considered within the analyzed studies.
Conclusions:
- Current evidence supports the efficacy of several treatment modalities in advanced gastric cancer.
- Validation of predictive biomarkers is crucial for personalized treatment selection.
- Ongoing research and new drug development are essential to advance the cure for these patients.
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