[The effect of drugs used in treatment of skin disorders on visual system]

Drugs with side effects affecting vision are often used in the treatment of skin disorders. The study evaluated principal groups of medicines which may negatively influence vision and the eye itself. Antimalaric drugs may cause a number of disorders of vision and a diagnosed retinophaty is an absolute contraindication. Retinoids often cause a dry eye condition, which results in intolerance to wearing contact lenses. They can also be a cause of poor nightly vision. Psoralens, used in photochemotherapy, can penetrate to the frontal part of the eye, inducing clouding of the lens and cataract. Glucocorticosteroids, often used in skin conditions, increase intraocular pressure, which may result in development of glaucoma. Methotrexate may also cause complications, such as eyelid edema, conjunctival hyperemia, increased lacrimation and photophobia. A prolonged use of tetracyclines may induce side effect in eye organs. Swelling of the optic nerve head with subsequent decreased vision, and even accumulate of metabolites of tetracycline within the conjunctival were observed. In the study a distinction was made between the medications which may lead to a temporary visual impairment and the medication with a side effect lasting beyond the treatment. It was pointed out that some of the side effects could be avoided or minimised by not combining retinoids and tetracyclines or with the use of protective eyewear during photochemotherapy. An examination by ophthalmologist is a crucial step prior to the treatment with chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine or psoralens. Regular eye exams are necessary when using, especially in a protracted fashion, most of the discussed drugs. Finally, the cooperation between dermatologist and ophthalmologist is fundamental for ensuring patient's safety.