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Cholesterol Efflux Assay
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Cholesterol embolization syndrome: A report of two cases

Nazlı Dizman1, Kübra Aydın Bahat1, Şeyma Özkanlı2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi : Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin Yayin Organidir
|May 4, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cholesterol embolization syndrome (CES) is a rare cause of acute kidney injury after angiography, particularly in elderly men with atherosclerosis. Early diagnosis is crucial as CES management differs from contrast-induced nephropathy.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cholesterol embolization syndrome (CES) is a multisystemic condition with immune features.
  • It is an infrequent but significant cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) post-invasive angiography.
  • CES predominantly affects elderly males with advanced atherosclerosis.

Observation:

  • Two cases of CES following invasive angiography are presented.
  • The first case involved a renal biopsy confirming CES through characteristic kidney lesions.
  • The second patient presented with blue toe syndrome and ongoing renal dysfunction.

Findings:

  • CES is a critical differential diagnosis for AKI after angiography.
  • Distinguishing CES from contrast-induced nephropathy is vital for appropriate prognosis and treatment.
  • The clinical presentation can include specific skin findings like blue toe syndrome.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering CES in patients with AKI post-angiography.
  • Emphasizes the need for prompt diagnosis to initiate correct management strategies.
  • Suggests that characteristic clinical signs and diagnostic procedures like renal biopsy are key to identifying CES.

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