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Orbital mass secondary to infantile acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Ibtesham Tausif Hossain1, Mariya Moosajee2, Yassir Abou-Rayyah2

  • 1School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.

BMJ Case Reports
|May 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Periorbital swelling in an infant can signal acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Early diagnosis and chemotherapy led to molecular remission in this case.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Orbital tumors are rare in infants.
  • Periorbital swelling can be an initial sign of serious underlying pathology.

Observation:

  • An 8-month-old infant presented with left periorbital swelling and narrowed palpebral aperture.
  • Examination revealed a tender medial canthal swelling with periorbital hematoma.
  • MRI showed aggressive orbital soft tissue tumor without globe invasion.

Findings:

  • Peripheral blood smear revealed blast cells, confirmed by bone marrow aspirate.
  • Diagnosis of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was established.
  • Treatment with risk-stratified chemotherapy (Interfant-06 Protocol) was initiated.

Implications:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of infant ALL are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Periorbital swelling can be a presenting sign of infant leukemia, necessitating thorough investigation.
  • Successful chemotherapy led to resolution of symptoms and molecular remission.

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