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Related Concept Videos

Complexometric Titration: Overview00:39

Complexometric Titration: Overview

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Complexometric titration involves the formation of a complex by reacting a metal ion with one or more ligands. A visual indicator often detects the end point of a complexometric titration. It is added to the metal solution before the titration, forming a stable metal–indicator complex and imparting color to the solution. As the titration approaches the equivalence point, the excess of the added ligand displaces the indicator from the metal–indicator complex, releasing the free...
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Indicators

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Certain organic substances change color in dilute solution when the hydronium ion concentration reaches a particular value. For example, phenolphthalein is a colorless substance in any aqueous solution with a hydronium ion concentration greater than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH < 8.3). In more basic solutions where the hydronium ion concentration is less than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH > 8.3), it is red or pink. Substances such as phenolphthalein, which can be used to determine the pH of a solution, are...
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Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base01:08

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base

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Weak acids and bases do not undergo dissociation completely, and titrations between these two are rarely studied. When such studies are performed, say, for the titration of a weak acid with a weak base, the titration curve plots the change in pH as a function of the volume of base added. Take the titration of acetic acid with ammonia, for instance. During the titration, these two species form ammonium acetate and water, but the pH change is slow and gradual.
As a result, there is no simple...
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Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods01:19

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In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a soluble chromate indicator gives an initial yellow color to the analyte solution. As the titrant is added, the first excess of silver ions forms a red silver chromate precipitate, marking the endpoint. The solution pH should be maintained at about 8 by adding solid CaCO3.
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Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid01:18

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The titration of a polyprotic base such as sodium carbonate with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid results in two equivalence points on the titration curve. At the first equivalence point, the carbonate ions in the base are completely converted to bicarbonate ions. The second equivalence point corresponds to the complete conversion of bicarbonate ions to carbonic acid, which dissociates into carbon dioxide and water. The region before the first equivalence point corresponds to the...
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Conductometric Titrations: Strong Acid-Base and Weak Acid-Base Titrations01:29

Conductometric Titrations: Strong Acid-Base and Weak Acid-Base Titrations

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In acid-base titrations, conductance measurements are utilized to detect the endpoint. This method is grounded on the fact that electrical conductance relies on the number and mobility of ions. For instance, consider titrating strong acid HCl with a strong NaOH base. Initially, the HCl in the conductivity vessel conducts electricity due to the presence of hydrogen ions and chloride ions. As NaOH is gradually added from the burette, the fast-moving hydrogen ions are replaced by slower-moving...
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A one-step colorimetric acid-base titration sensor using a complementary color changing coordination system.

Hui Hun Cho1, Si Hyun Kim, Jun Hyuk Heo

  • 1SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. jhlee7@skku.edu.

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A novel cobalt complex sensor enables single-step, quantitative acid-base titration by changing color. This colorimetric sensor accurately measures acid content in fruit juices and other samples for on-site applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Traditional acid-base titrations can be complex and time-consuming.
  • Developing rapid, on-site analytical methods is crucial for various industries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a colorimetric sensor for rapid, quantitative acid content measurement.
  • To utilize a cobalt coordination complex for a single-step acid-base titration.

Main Methods:

  • A cobalt coordination system (Co-complex sensor) was synthesized.
  • The sensor's color change from greenish blue to pink was monitored upon reaction with acids.
  • The sensor was tested with standard organic acids (citric, tartaric, malic) and real fruit juice.

Main Results:

  • The Co-complex sensor exhibited a spectrum of colors (green to pink) directly correlating with acid concentration.
  • Color changes were observed in real-time, unlike traditional titrations that show changes only after the endpoint.
  • Distinct color variations were noted for different organic acids and in real tangerine juice samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Co-complex sensor provides a simple yet quantitative method for acid content determination.
  • This sensor is suitable for on-site analysis in diverse fields like food, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals.
  • The colorimetric response offers a visual indicator for acid-base neutralization.