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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Functional Anorectal Disorders.

Satish Sc Rao, Adil E Bharucha, Giuseppe Chiarioni

    Gastroenterology
    |May 5, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review outlines criteria for fecal incontinence (FI), functional anorectal pain, and defecation disorders. Management includes biofeedback therapy, with surgery for severe cases.

    Keywords:
    Anorectal disordersAnorectal painBiofeedback therapyConstipationDyssynergic defecationFecal incontinenceLevator ani syndrome

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology and Colorectal Surgery

    Background:

    • Common anorectal disorders include fecal incontinence (FI), functional anorectal pain, and functional defecation disorders.
    • Understanding their epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management is crucial for effective patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define diagnostic criteria for these anorectal disorders.
    • To review current management strategies, including conservative and surgical options.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing data on anorectal disorders.
    • Definition of diagnostic criteria based on clinical features, manometry, and imaging.

    Main Results:

    • Fecal incontinence (FI) is defined by recurrent uncontrolled fecal passage.
    • Functional anorectal pain includes subtypes like proctalgia fugax and levator ani syndrome (LAS).
    • Functional defecation disorders involve impaired evacuation, with subtypes like dyssynergic defecation.

    Conclusions:

    • Anorectal manometry and imaging aid in evaluating anal and pelvic floor function.
    • Biofeedback therapy is a primary treatment for LAS and defecatory disorders.
    • Education, antidiarrheals, and biofeedback are mainstays; surgery is reserved for refractory cases.