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Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency.

Zhuofeng Hu1,2, Luyan Yuan1, Zhifeng Liu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 5, 2016
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Summary

Fibrous red phosphorus acts as a semiconductor photocatalyst for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution. This elemental photocatalyst achieves record-high hydrogen evolution rates, surpassing previous materials.

Keywords:
hydrogen evolutionphosphorusphotocatalysissemiconductorssustainable chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photocatalysis
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Semiconductive properties of elementary substances are of significant scientific interest.
  • Red phosphorus exists in various modifications, with the fibrous phase being a recent discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of fibrous phase red phosphorus as a semiconductor photocatalyst.
  • To evaluate its efficiency in visible-light-driven hydrogen (H2) evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of small-sized fibrous phosphorus by loading onto SiO2 fibers or ultrasonic smashing.
  • Testing the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation.

Main Results:

  • Fibrous red phosphorus demonstrated steady hydrogen evolution rates of 633 and 684 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹.
  • These rates are significantly higher than those of amorphous phosphorus (0.6 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹) and Hittorf phosphorus (1.6 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹).
  • Achieved the highest hydrogen evolution rates among elemental photocatalysts to date.

Conclusions:

  • Fibrous phase red phosphorus is an effective semiconductor photocatalyst for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution.
  • This finding advances the understanding of semiconductive properties in elementary substances.
  • Paves the way for developing novel elemental photocatalysts.