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Cells carrying C5b-9 complement complexes in human atherosclerotic wall.

H G Rus¹, F Niculescu, D Poruţiu

¹Medical Clinic No. 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Immunology Letters

|March 1, 1989

Summary

Complement C5b-9 complexes are found in human atherosclerotic lesions, particularly within macrophage debris. This suggests complement-mediated cell damage may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Pathology
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque buildup in arteries.
The role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence and localization of terminal complement complexes (C5b-9) in human atherosclerotic lesions.
To determine the cellular origin of C5b-9 deposits within these lesions.

Main Methods:

Indirect and double-labeling immunoelectron microscopy were employed.
Human femoral and iliac artery samples with atherosclerotic plaques were analyzed.
Antibodies against C5b-9 neoantigen and human macrophages were used.

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Main Results:

C5b-9 complexes were detected in intact cells, disintegrated cells, and cell debris within the arterial wall.
A portion of the C5b-9-bearing cell debris originated from macrophages.
Pore-forming C5b-9 complexes were identified in endocytosed or exocytosed membrane fragments.

Conclusions:

Complement activation and subsequent C5b-9 deposition occur within atherosclerotic lesions.
Macrophages are involved in the complement-mediated damage of arterial cells.
Complement-induced cell damage may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis.