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Real-Time, Two-Color Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Mouse Brain for Tissue Diagnosis

Real-Time, Two-Color Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Mouse Brain for Tissue Diagnosis

Published on: February 1, 2022

MR phase imaging with bipolar acquisition.

Joseph Dagher¹, Kambiz Nael²

¹Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.

NMR in Biomedicine

|May 6, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) phase imaging (MAGPI) with bipolar gradients for improved phase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This advanced method accelerates scans and enables high-resolution imaging in challenging conditions.

Keywords:

MR phase bipolar coil array eddy current maximum likelihood multi-echo non-flyback phase offset

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Physics
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Magnetic Resonance (MR) phase imaging offers valuable tissue contrast.
Previous MAGPI framework showed significant phase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gains.
Limitations exist in SNR and acquisition speed for current phase imaging techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To improve the performance of the MAGPI framework.
To extend MAGPI to handle bipolar readout schemes and an arbitrary number of echoes.
To enhance phase SNR and enable faster, higher-resolution phase imaging.

Main Methods:

Formulated phase imaging using maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation.
Employed an optimized multi-echo gradient echo (MEGE) sequence with bipolar gradients.
Developed a voxel-per-voxel tissue-phase estimation algorithm without reference scans, phase unwrapping, or spatial denoising.

Main Results:

Bipolar MAGPI demonstrated superior phase SNR gains compared to monopolar MAGPI.
Phase SNR convergence was more rapid with an increasing number of echoes in bipolar MAGPI.
Bipolar MAGPI enabled phase imaging in low-SNR scenarios and allowed for accelerated (2 min 30 sec) or high-resolution (310 µm) brain imaging.

Conclusions:

The proposed bipolar MAGPI framework significantly enhances phase SNR.
This advancement accelerates MR acquisition times and enables high-resolution phase imaging.
Bipolar MAGPI overcomes limitations of previous methods, particularly in SNR-constrained situations.