HPV immunohistochemical testing and cervical dysplasia.

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Oncology
• Virology

Background:

• Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is a prerequisite for cervical cancer development.
• Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) requires accurate diagnosis for effective management.
• Immunohistochemical staining offers a method for HPV detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency of HPV testing using an immunohistochemical kit for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
• To evaluate the role of high-risk HPV (HPV-HR) detection in the triage of cervical abnormalities.

Main Methods:

• Seventy-nine patients and eighty-six controls underwent gynecological examination, cervical sampling, and colposcopy.
• Cervical samples were analyzed using Bethesda terminology and HPV-HR immunohistochemical staining.
• High-grade lesions were treated with surgical excision, followed by pathological examination.

Main Results:

• Colposcopy revealed cervical epithelium changes in 47% of ASC-US, 71% of LSIL, and 100% of HSIL cases.
• Biopsy confirmed LSIL in 27% of ASC-US and 79.99% of LSIL cases; HSIL diagnoses were CIN II or higher.
• HPV-HR positivity increased with lesion severity: 30% (ASC-US), 42.86% (LSIL), and 75% (HSIL).
• HPV-HR detection sensitivity was 50% for ASC-US, 77.77% for LSIL, and 81.81% for HSIL.

Conclusions:

• HPV testing serves as a valuable tool for cervical dysplasia screening.
• Targeting high-risk HPV types is recommended for ASC-US and LSIL triage.
• The study advocates for incorporating HPV testing as a primary cervical cancer screening method.