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Child Social Exclusion Risk and Child Health Outcomes in Australia

Itismita Mohanty1,2, Martin Edvardsson3, Annie Abello1

  • 1National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.

Plos One
|May 7, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Child social exclusion in Australia is linked to worse health outcomes, including preventable hospitalizations and deaths. This small-area analysis highlights disparities, especially in remote regions, guiding targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Geographic Health Analysis

Background:

  • Child social exclusion is a significant public health concern in Australia.
  • The Child Social Exclusion (CSE) index is the sole national small-area measure of this risk.
  • The CSE index encompasses five domains: socio-economic background, education, connectedness, housing, and health services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between child social exclusion risk and child health outcomes at a small area level in Australia.
  • To identify geographic areas with health outcomes disproportionate to their measured social exclusion risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling (NATSEM) for the CSE Index and its domains.
  • Employed Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) data, including the National Hospital Morbidity Database and National Mortality Database, for health outcome measures.
  • Conducted small-area level analysis to correlate CSE index scores with health indicators.

Main Results:

  • Found positive associations between higher rates of child social exclusion and increased potentially preventable hospitalisations (PPH) and avoidable deaths.
  • Demonstrated that children's health outcomes are poorer in remote Australian areas than predicted by the CSE index alone.
  • Highlighted geographic variations in health outcomes relative to social exclusion risk.

Conclusions:

  • Composite indices of child social exclusion risk offer valuable guidance for local health interventions.
  • A small-area approach is crucial for geographic modeling of social disadvantage and its impact on child health.
  • Findings underscore the need to address factors beyond the CSE index, particularly in remote areas, to improve child health outcomes.
Abstract

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