Development of behaviorally-based policy guidelines for the promotion of exercise

We describe the results of a project to develop policy guidelines to promote increased levels of participation in regular physical activity in Australia. Theories of behavior change, and research findings concerning factors influencing the adoption and maintenance of exercising, were used as an information base for policy development. This information was presented and organized in the form of eleven behaviorally-based principles designed to be of use to practitioners, administrators and policy makers. Nine policy recommendations were developed from these principles, and from the contributions of people with practical administrative and political expertise in the field. Specific, focused campaigns, the provision of pleasant and convenient facilities, and an awareness of the process of behavior change and of the limitations imposed by environmental and social factors were emphases of the final recommendations. These may have relevance for similar work in North America and other developed countries. Some comments on the process involved in moving from an interpretation of behavior-change theories and basic research to the development of usable recommendations are offered. The project illustrates an approach to using a behavioral-science knowledge base for the development of public health principles and policies which have the potential to be of practical use.