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Muscle fatigability in type 2 diabetes.

Giorgio Orlando1, Stefano Balducci2,3, Ilenia Bazzucchi1

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients experience increased muscle fatigue in both upper and lower body muscles. This heightened fatigability is present even without diabetes complications and may signal muscle dysfunction better than strength alone.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Neuromuscular Function

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with premature muscle fatigue.
  • The specific impact of T2D on muscle fatigability requires further investigation.
  • Understanding T2D's effect on muscle function is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes on muscle fatigability.
  • To compare upper and lower body muscle fatigability in T2D patients versus healthy controls.
  • To assess if muscle fatigability is influenced by diabetic complications.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 33 T2D patients and 34 matched healthy controls.
  • Assessed clinical characteristics, including vascular and neurological parameters, in T2D patients.
  • Measured maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and endurance time at 50% MVIC for shoulder and knee extensor muscles.

Main Results:

  • Upper body muscle strength was similar between groups.
  • Lower body muscle strength was significantly reduced in T2D men (-16%) and women (-22%).
  • Endurance time was significantly lower in both upper and lower body muscles for T2D men and women compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Type 2 diabetes leads to increased muscle fatigability in both upper and lower body.
  • This heightened fatigability is independent of diabetic complications.
  • Muscle fatigability may serve as a more sensitive indicator of muscle dysfunction in T2D than muscle strength.