The diabetes-tuberculosis co-epidemic: the role of international migration
E Caraffa1, M Sañé Schepisi1, G Gualano2
1Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L Spallanzani 'Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico' (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Setting:
A tuberculosis (TB) referral centre in Rome, Italy.
Objective:
To identify demographic and epidemiological characteristics associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) among patients with TB and to compare the clinical presentation of TB and TB-DM in the light of the growing worldwide burden of DM.
Design:
We performed a retrospective study of TB cases diagnosed from 2007 to 2012.
Results:
Among 971 TB patients, 723 were foreign-born and 63 (6.5%) had DM. DM prevalence was 12.7% (8/63) among those born in countries with DM prevalence ⩾8%, 4.7% (31/660) among patients from countries with DM prevalence <8% and 9.7% among Italian patients (24/248). In multivariable analysis, DM was independently associated with older age, and with being born in countries other than Italy, compared to Italians; this latter association was stronger in older patients. DM patients were also significantly more likely to be male and less likely to test positive for the human immunodeficiency virus. The presence of cavities was significantly associated with DM.
Conclusions:
As individuals born in high TB incidence and high DM prevalence countries emerge as a vulnerable population, greater attention to bidirectional low-cost screening in people from these countries is needed.
More Related Videos
10:04Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
08:47Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
Published on: December 7, 2017
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...