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Ocular Surface Characteristics in Diabetic Children

Murat Gunay1, Gokhan Celik1, Elvin Yildiz2

  • 1a Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital , Department of Ophthalmology , Istanbul , Turkey.

Current Eye Research
|May 10, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic children show higher tear film osmolarity and lower Schirmer test scores compared to healthy children. These findings suggest increased tear film osmolarity may contribute to ocular surface changes in pediatric diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pediatric diabetes is a growing concern with potential systemic complications.
  • Ocular surface health is crucial for visual function and comfort.
  • Dry eye disease is a common condition affecting individuals of all ages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare tear film osmolarity (TFO) and other dry eye diagnostic tests between children with diabetes and healthy children.
  • To investigate potential associations between ocular surface parameters and diabetes control.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 26 diabetic children and 20 healthy children.
  • Ocular surface assessment included Tear Osmolarity (TFO), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), corneal epithelial thickness (CET) via OCT, tear film break-up time (TFBUT), Schirmer test, meibography, and conjunctival cytology.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare results between groups and correlate with HbA1c levels.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic children exhibited significantly higher TFO (328.8 ± 12.8) compared to healthy controls (313.6 ± 15.1) (p=0.001).
  • Schirmer test scores were significantly lower in diabetic children (16.7 ± 5.1) versus controls (23.6 ± 5.6) (p=0.00).
  • Conjunctival cytology revealed more significant changes in diabetic children (p=0.004), with TFO levels positively correlated with HbA1c (r=0.459, p=0.018).

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic children demonstrate significantly altered ocular surface parameters, including elevated TFO and reduced tear production.
  • Changes in conjunctival cytology are more prevalent in diabetic children, suggesting inflammatory or adaptive responses.
  • Increased TFO may be a contributing factor to the observed ocular surface alterations in pediatric diabetes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childhooddiabetes mellitusdry eyeocular surfacetear film osmolarity

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