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Related Concept Videos

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Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Compact Bone01:27

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
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Bone Structure01:55

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
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Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

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The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
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Ethnic Differences in Trabecular Bone Score.

Rajesh K Jain1, Disha K Narang1, Didier Hans2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Journal of Clinical Densitometry : the Official Journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry
|May 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trabecular bone score (TBS) predicts fractures in Caucasian populations but may be less effective in African-Americans. Further research is needed to determine if TBS requires different usage for fracture risk assessment in diverse ethnic groups.

Keywords:
African–Americansethnic differencestrabecular bone scorevertebral fracture

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Area of Science:

  • Osteoporosis Research
  • Bone Health
  • Medical Imaging Analysis

Background:

  • Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a textural analysis of DXA images.
  • TBS predicts fractures in Caucasian (CA) populations.
  • Limited data exists on TBS in African-American (AA) populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare TBS values between AA and CA women.
  • Assess TBS's utility in refining fracture risk stratification for AA patients.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 825 women (390 AA, 435 CA) for bone mineral density (BMD) assessment.
  • Measured TBS, BMD (lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck), and performed vertebral fracture assessment.
  • Utilized multivariate logistic regression including age, BMD T-score, and glucocorticoid use.

Main Results:

  • Unadjusted TBS was higher in CA than AA, but differences diminished after adjusting for age and tissue thickness.
  • TBS association with prevalent vertebral fractures was significant in CA (OR 2.33) but less so in AA (OR 1.43).
  • In multivariate analysis, TBS remained significant for fracture prediction in CAs (OR 1.54) but not in AAs (OR 1.23).

Conclusions:

  • TBS may be less discriminatory for fracture risk in AA compared to CA populations.
  • The application of TBS for fracture risk assessment may require ethnic-specific considerations.
  • Further investigation into TBS utility across diverse ethnic groups is warranted.