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Basophil-derived IL-4 plays versatile roles in immunity.

Yoshinori Yamanishi1, Hajime Karasuyama2

  • 1Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan. yamanishi.mbch@tmd.ac.jp.

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Summary

Basophils, rare immune cells, are key producers of interleukin-4 (IL-4). Basophil-derived IL-4 regulates various immune cells and impacts infections, allergies, and autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:
AllergyBasophilIL-4Parasitic infectionTh2 response

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Basophils are the rarest granulocytes, comprising <1% of peripheral blood leukocytes.
  • Despite their rarity, basophils play critical, non-redundant roles in immune responses.
  • They release effector molecules and secrete cytokines/chemokines upon stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological and pathological roles of basophil-derived interleukin-4 (IL-4).
  • To highlight basophils as a significant source of IL-4.
  • To elucidate the regulatory functions of basophil-derived IL-4 on various cell types.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies of basophil-derived IL-4.
  • Analysis of IL-4 production by basophils.
  • Examination of IL-4's effects on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells.

Main Results:

  • Basophils are potent producers of large quantities of IL-4.
  • Basophil-derived IL-4 modulates T cells, B cells, innate lymphoid cells, monocytes, and macrophages.
  • IL-4 from basophils also affects non-hematopoietic cells like fibroblasts and endothelial cells.

Conclusions:

  • Basophil-derived IL-4 plays versatile roles in immunity.
  • It contributes to regulating immune responses in health and disease.
  • Key roles include protection against infections and modulation of allergic and autoimmune diseases.