Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.1K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
2.1K
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

27
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
27
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

3.4K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
3.4K
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

4
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
4
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

1.7K
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
1.7K
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

722
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
722

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Risk factors and clinical outcomes of acute esophageal necrosis: retrospective case series of a rare disease with "black" prognosis.

Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica·2022
Same author

Trends in cirrhosis hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver·2020
Same author

Reply to comment: "Hospital readmission of patients with hepatic encephalopathy: Is the introduction of the formal caregiver useful in care management?"

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver·2020
Same author

Real-world management of juvenile autoimmune liver disease.

United European gastroenterology journal·2018
Same author

Interferon-free therapy in hepatitis C virus mixed cryoglobulinaemia: a prospective, controlled, clinical and quality of life analysis.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2018
Same author

Letter: tacrolimus may be hazardous in decompensated autoimmune liver disease with hyperbilirubinemia-authors' reply.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
09:03

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2012

20.0K

Autoimmune hepatitis: From mechanisms to therapy.

R Liberal1, G Mieli-Vergani2, D Vergani3

  • 1Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK; Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar São João and Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Revista Clinica Espanola
|May 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory liver disease caused by immune reactions. Prompt immunosuppressive treatment, often with steroids, leads to remission in most patients with this progressive hepatopathy.

Keywords:
AutoantibodiesAutoanticuerposAutoimmune hepatitisDiagnosisDiagnósticoHepatitis autoinmuneImmunosuppressive treatmentPathogenesisPatogeniaTratamiento inmunosupresor

More Related Videos

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.6K
Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
11:36

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

Published on: May 29, 2020

3.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
09:03

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2012

20.0K
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.6K
Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
11:36

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

Published on: May 29, 2020

3.5K

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive liver disease with unknown etiology, involving genetic and environmental factors.
  • Immune reactions against liver antigens, particularly defects in regulatory T-cells, drive autoimmune liver injury.
  • Key features include female predominance, hypergammaglobulinemia, autoantibodies, and interface hepatitis on histology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the understanding of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.
  • To differentiate between AIH types based on serological profiles.
  • To outline treatment strategies and outcomes for AIH patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and immunological mechanisms of AIH.
  • Classification of AIH into Type 1 (ANA/ASMA positive) and Type 2 (LKM1 positive).
  • Analysis of treatment responses, including standard immunosuppression and alternative agents, and outcomes of liver transplantation.

Main Results:

  • AIH is characterized by specific autoantibodies (ANA, ASMA, LKM1) and histological findings.
  • Immunosuppressive therapy, primarily steroids +/- azathioprine, achieves remission in approximately 80% of patients.
  • Alternative treatments and liver transplantation are options for refractory cases or end-stage liver disease.

Conclusions:

  • AIH is a treatable autoimmune liver disease where early immunosuppression is crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Understanding the serological types guides diagnosis and potentially treatment approaches.
  • Liver transplantation offers excellent results for advanced disease, though recurrence is possible.