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Scapular kinematic is altered after electromyography biofeedback training.

Jun G San Juan1, Samantha R Gunderson1, Kai Kane-Ronning1

  • 1Department of Health and Human Development, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, United States.

Journal of Biomechanics
|May 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback training improved shoulder girdle muscle activation and scapular external rotation in healthy adults. This may help prevent subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) in at-risk populations.

Keywords:
Lower trapeziusScapular stabilizerSerratus anteriorShoulder exerciseUpper trapezius

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback enhances patient awareness of muscle activation patterns.
  • Repetitive overhead lifting increases risk for subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS).
  • Scapular kinematics are crucial for shoulder function and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute effects of scapular stabilization exercises combined with EMG biofeedback on scapular kinematics.
  • To assess changes in muscle activation and shoulder movement patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-three healthy subjects participated.
  • EMG electrodes placed on trapezius, serratus anterior, and paraspinal muscles.
  • Scapular kinematics measured during humeral elevation before and after a 10-repetition scapular stabilization exercise protocol with EMG biofeedback, focusing on reducing upper trapezius activation.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant increase in scapular external rotation was observed across all humeral elevation angles post-biofeedback (mean difference: 6.5°).
  • No significant changes were found in scapular upward rotation or posterior tilt.
  • EMG biofeedback training altered scapular kinematics, specifically enhancing external rotation.

Conclusions:

  • EMG biofeedback training combined with scapular stabilization exercises can acutely improve scapular external rotation.
  • This intervention shows potential for managing shoulder kinematics in individuals at risk of SAIS.
  • Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and clinical applications.