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Related Concept Videos

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Production Efficiency

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Net production efficiency (NPE) is the efficiency at which organisms assimilate energy into biomass for the next trophic level. Due to low metabolic rates and less energy spent on thermoregulatory processes, the NPE of ectotherms (cold-blooded animals) is 10 times higher than endotherms (warm-blooded animals).
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Methods of Medium Optimization01:28

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Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...
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Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

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Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

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Optimizing Eco-Efficiency Across the Procurement Portfolio.

Rylie E O Pelton1, Mo Li1, Timothy M Smith1

  • 1NorthStar Initiative for Sustainable Enterprise, Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota , 325 Learning and Environmental Sciences, 1954 Buford Ave, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology
|May 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmentally preferable procurement (EPP) can reduce supply chain impacts. A new portfolio-level approach using streamlined life-cycle assessment (LCA) and linear programming optimizes EPP for greater environmental impact reduction per dollar spent.

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Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
11:53

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Operations Research
  • Supply Chain Management

Background:

  • Manufacturing's environmental footprint is significantly influenced by upstream supply chain processes.
  • Environmentally Preferable Procurement (EPP) and specific environmental purchasing criteria offer a strategy to mitigate these indirect impacts.
  • Traditional Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) faces challenges in cost and result comparability, hindering integration with organizational environmental targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel approach for optimizing environmental purchasing decisions at a portfolio level.
  • To overcome the limitations of product-by-product EPP by considering the entire procurement portfolio.
  • To enable procurement organizations to contribute effectively to firm-wide environmental impact reduction targets.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized streamlined Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods.
  • Integrated LCA with linear programming techniques.
  • Developed an approach to determine optimal portfolios of product impact-reduction opportunities under budget constraints.

Main Results:

  • The proposed portfolio-level EPP approach demonstrated substantially greater CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent) and water-depletion reductions per dollar spent compared to a product-by-product strategy.
  • The method was illustrated using a simulated breakfast cereal manufacturing firm with various procurement items (grain, packaging, electricity, cleaning solutions).
  • The study highlights the feasibility of portfolio-level EPP optimization, previously limited by LCA costs and comparability issues.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing EPP at the portfolio level, enabled by streamlined LCA and linear programming, offers significant environmental benefits.
  • Procurement organizations can now more effectively participate in achieving corporate environmental sustainability goals.
  • This research provides a scalable and cost-effective method for enhancing the environmental performance of supply chains.