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Updated: Mar 21, 2026
Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
Published on: April 20, 2011
Serologic assays for the detection and strain identification of Pteropine orthoreovirus
Harpal Singh1,2, Masayuki Shimojima2, Shuetsu Fukushi2
1Department of Human Mechatronics System, Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 191-0065, Japan.
Abstract:
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV), potentially of bat origin, is reported to be a causative agent of emerging respiratory tract infections among humans in Southeast Asia. We evaluated the efficacy of serologic assays using the major outer capsid and cell attachment proteins (CAP) of PRV strains in the screening, confirmation and identification of three groups of human PRV infections; Indonesian/Japanese, Indonesian/Hong Kong and Malaysian strains. The different serologic assays were tested using rabbit polyclonal antisera raised against these proteins of selected PRV strains, and validation was carried out using sera from a Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV-infected patient and the patient's contacts. The results of this study showed that rabbit polyclonal antisera raised against the CAP of the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV strain showed the highest reactivity to the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV and to a lesser extent, cross-reactivity with the HK23629/07 and Melaka PRVs, respectively. Neutralization activity against the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV was observed using rabbit anti-Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV CAP (320) but not with rabbit anti-HK23629/07 (<20) and Melaka (<20) PRV CAP. This lack of cross-neutralization, suggests the potential for human reinfection with different strains. The use of sera collected from contacts of the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV-infected patient suggested that human-to-human infections with PRV are unlikely. Previously reported cases of PRV infections among human have been mild. However, the expanding geographic distribution of these viruses, of which its virulence remains unknown, warrants close monitoring to enable the development of prevention and control strategies in the event that a change in virulence occurs.
Insights
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) causes emerging respiratory infections. Serologic assays using cell attachment proteins (CAP) identified PRV strains, but limited cross-neutralization suggests potential for reinfection, necessitating ongoing surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV), a potential bat-borne virus, is linked to emerging human respiratory infections in Southeast Asia.
- Understanding PRV strain diversity and human immune responses is crucial for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of serologic assays for screening, confirming, and identifying different human PRV infection groups.
- To assess cross-reactivity and neutralization capabilities of antisera against PRV cell attachment proteins (CAP).
Main Methods:
- Development and testing of rabbit polyclonal antisera against PRV outer capsid and cell attachment proteins (CAP).
- Validation using sera from a confirmed PRV patient and their contacts.
- Serologic assays included reactivity and virus neutralization tests.
Main Results:
- Antisera against the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV CAP showed high reactivity to homologous virus and cross-reactivity to Indonesian/Hong Kong and Malaysian strains.
- Significant neutralization was observed only against the homologous Miyazaki-Bali/2007 PRV strain.
- Lack of cross-neutralization suggests potential for reinfection with different PRV strains.
- Evidence suggests human-to-human transmission of PRV is unlikely.
Conclusions:
- Serologic assays using PRV CAP are effective for strain identification.
- Limited cross-neutralization indicates a need for monitoring diverse PRV strains due to potential for reinfection.
- Continued surveillance is vital given the expanding geographic distribution and unknown virulence of PRV.
