Grape seed and skin extract protects kidney from doxorubicin-induced oxidative injury

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Toxicology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Doxorubicin is a widely used chemotherapy agent.
• Doxorubicin can cause significant renal toxicity.
• Antioxidant therapies are being explored to mitigate doxorubicin side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the protective effects of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
• To evaluate the impact of GSSE on renal function and oxidative stress markers following doxorubicin administration.

Main Methods:

• Rats were administered doxorubicin (20mg/kg) on day 4 of an 8-day treatment period.
• Animals received either GSSE or a placebo (control).
• Renal function (plasma creatinine, urea) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, H2O2, CAT, SOD, POD, carbonyl protein) were assessed.

Main Results:

• Doxorubicin induced significant renal toxicity, altering renal architecture and increasing plasma creatinine.
• Doxorubicin administration led to increased oxidative stress, evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), calcium, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and decreased catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.
• GSSE treatment effectively counteracted most doxorubicin-induced adverse effects, including markers of oxidative stress and renal dysfunction.
• GSSE's protective mechanism may involve the modulation of intracellular calcium levels.

Conclusions:

• Doxorubicin causes oxidative stress and renal toxicity in rats.
• Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) exhibits significant antioxidant and protective properties against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
• GSSE may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate doxorubicin-related kidney damage, possibly through calcium modulation.