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Related Concept Videos

Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina00:55

Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina

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Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
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Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM01:03

Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM

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The basal lamina is a thin extracellular layer that lies underneath the cells and separates them from other tissues. The three layers of the basal lamina are lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis. The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. The framework of basal lamina has other essential proteins such as laminins mesh, perlecan, entactin, and type IV collagen.
Proteins...
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Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments01:35

Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments

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Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to regulate their disassembly. The IF concentration in the cytoplasm also regulates the disassembly. If the concentration crosses a threshold, it activates the protein kinases in the vicinity, allowing the phosphorylation of IFs.
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
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Type IV Collagen of Basal Lamina01:05

Type IV Collagen of Basal Lamina

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Type IV collagen is a 400 nm long, network-forming collagen that acts as a barrier between the epithelial and endothelial cells. Type IV collagen  forms the backbone of the basement membrane by scaffolding with laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. Apart from rendering structural support to the basement membrane, it also helps entail signaling potentials necessary for both pathological and physiological functions.
A type IV collagen molecule has six alpha chains which can...
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Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

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Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
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Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Detection of Nuclear Blebbing and DNA Leakage in Mammalian Cells by Immunofluorescence
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Detection of Nuclear Blebbing and DNA Leakage in Mammalian Cells by Immunofluorescence

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Lamins.

Wei Xie1, Brian Burke1

  • 1Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics and Architecture, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648.

Current Biology : CB
|May 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lamins are nuclear envelope proteins crucial for nuclear shape. Defects in lamins lead to pathological consequences impacting cell structure and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lamins are intermediate filament proteins forming the nuclear lamina.
  • The nuclear lamina provides structural support to the nucleus.
  • Laminopathies are a group of diseases linked to lamin gene mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the essential roles of lamins in maintaining nuclear morphology.
  • To discuss the pathological outcomes associated with lamin defects.
  • To highlight the connection between nuclear envelope proteins and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of studies on lamin function and dysfunction.
  • Discussion of clinical data related to laminopathies.

Main Results:

  • Lamins are critical for the structural integrity and shape of the nucleus.
  • Mutations in lamin genes result in diverse cellular and organismal pathologies.
  • These pathologies include muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and premature aging syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • Lamins play a vital role in nuclear architecture and cellular health.
  • Understanding lamin function is key to deciphering the mechanisms of laminopathies.
  • Targeting lamin defects offers potential therapeutic strategies for associated diseases.