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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Xenotransplantation of Human Stem Cells into the Chicken Embryo
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Perspectives on avian stem cells for poultry breeding.

Hiroshi Kagami1

  • 1Laboratory of Animal Developmental Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, Japan.

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|May 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Avian biotechnology advances allow analysis of embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cells (PGCs). These stem cells offer powerful applications in poultry breeding, including germline chimeras and sex alteration for industry benefits.

Keywords:
chickenpoultry breedingprimordial germ cellsstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Avian biotechnology
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Stem cells possess pluripotency, differentiating into diverse cell lineages.
  • Recent avian biotechnology progress facilitates analysis of stem cells, specifically embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cells (PGCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize stem cells in avian development.
  • To explore the applications of these stem cells in poultry breeding and biotechnology.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of stem cells within the central area of the stage X blastoderm's area pellucida.
  • Analysis of the developmental fate of identified embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cells (PGCs).

Main Results:

  • Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cells (PGCs), were successfully identified in stage X blastoderms.
  • These cells demonstrate potential for generating germline chimeras and organ regeneration.
  • Applications for producing transgenic chickens for pharmaceutical purposes and altering offspring sex were highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cells and PGCs are valuable tools in avian biotechnology.
  • Their application in germline chimera production and sex alteration holds significant promise for the poultry industry and future breeding strategies.