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ZOOM or Non-ZOOM? Assessing Spinal Cord Diffusion Tensor Imaging Protocols for Multi-Centre Studies.

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Summary

This study developed and compared two spinal cord diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols for multi-center trials. The reduced field-of-view (rFOV) EPI sequence showed better reproducibility and less distortion than outer volume suppression (OVS) alone.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Spinal cord (SC) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters are sensitive to SC diseases.
  • Imaging the SC is challenging due to its small size, motion, and field inhomogeneities.
  • Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) sequences are desirable for rapid acquisition but can cause distortions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate two SC DTI protocols for multi-center implementation.
  • To compare a reduced field-of-view (rFOV) EPI sequence with standard clinical outer volume suppression (OVS) protocols.
  • To utilize automated processing for unbiased quantification of DTI metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Two DTI protocols were implemented across multiple sites using Siemens and Philips scanners.
  • One protocol used a reduced field-of-view (rFOV) EPI sequence.
  • The other protocol used standard clinical options like outer volume suppression (OVS).
  • The Spinal Cord Toolbox was used for automated analysis of white matter DTI metrics.

Main Results:

  • Images acquired with the rFOV sequence exhibited less distortion compared to OVS alone.
  • SC DTI parameter values were consistent with previous 3T measurements across both protocols and sites.
  • The rFOV sequence demonstrated smaller inter-site standard deviations and higher reproducibility for the same manufacturer.

Conclusions:

  • The rFOV EPI sequence offers improved accuracy and inter-site reproducibility for SC DTI compared to OVS.
  • Wider availability of research options like rFOV could enhance multi-center clinical trials.
  • Future studies should standardize rFOV techniques and signal-to-noise ratios across manufacturers to minimize bias.