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Updated: Mar 21, 2026

A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate NMDA Receptor in Blood
Published on: January 9, 2018
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antibody Mediated Neurologic Relapse Post Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: A Case
Sarah Geoghegan1, Aoibhinn Walsh, Mary D King
1From the *Departments of Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, †Paediatric Neurology and ‡Paediatric Radiology, Children's University Hospital Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland; §Departments of Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology and ¶Paediatric Neurology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland; and ‖Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Abstract:
Despite the advent of antiviral therapy, herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) remains a devastating condition with significant morbidity and mortality. Neurologic relapse after initial improvement is generally attributed to herpes simplex virus reactivation. In 2013, inflammation caused by anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies was reported in association with cases of neurologic relapse after herpes simplex encephalitis. We present 3 such cases and discuss diagnostic and management dilemmas.
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