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Is Social Support Associated With Upper Extremity Disability?

Sjoerd P F T Nota1, Silke A Spit1, Thijs C H Oosterhoff1

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Summary

Psychosocial factors like emotional support and positive impact are linked to upper extremity disability. However, pain interference significantly impacts disability more than social support measures.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Psychosocial Medicine
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Disability in upper extremity illness correlates with psychosocial factors like depression and pain interference.
  • Emotional support, instrumental support, and positive psychosocial impact may also influence disability.
  • This study investigates these associations in upper extremity patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine correlations between QuickDASH scores and PROMIS(®) measures of emotional support, instrumental support, and positive psychosocial illness impact.
  • To identify which PROMIS(®) measures best explain variance in QuickDASH scores for upper extremity patients.

Main Methods:

  • 193 patients with upper extremity illness completed the QuickDASH and five PROMIS(®) CATs (pain interference, depression, emotional support, psychosocial illness impact, instrumental support).
  • Patients were recruited from an urban university hospital's orthopaedic surgery department.
  • A prognostic study design (Level 1 evidence) was employed.

Main Results:

  • Weak inverse correlations were found between QuickDASH scores and emotional support (r = -0.18) and instrumental support (r = -0.19).
  • A moderate inverse correlation was observed between QuickDASH scores and positive psychosocial illness impact (r = -0.36).
  • Multivariable analysis revealed pain interference as the sole significant psychosocial factor associated with QuickDASH scores, explaining 66% of the variance.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional support, instrumental support, and positive psychosocial illness impact show small individual associations with upper extremity disability.
  • Pain interference demonstrates the strongest influence on the magnitude of disability in this patient group.