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Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Selectivity and tolerance for visual texture in macaque V2.

Corey M Ziemba¹, Jeremy Freeman², J Anthony Movshon³

¹Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003; ziemba@cns.nyu.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|May 14, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons in visual area V2 show greater selectivity and tolerance for natural visual textures compared to V1 neurons. This suggests V2 plays a key role in processing complex visual texture information.

Keywords:

extrastriate visual cortex macaque primary visual cortex texture perception vision

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Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

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Visualizing Visual Adaptation

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Published on: April 24, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Vision
Visual Perception

Background:

Neuronal responses in the ventral visual hierarchy become more specific and tolerant to transformations.
Understanding how visual information is processed along this hierarchy is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the selectivity and tolerance of neurons in area V2 for natural visual textures.
To compare the representational capacities of V1 and V2 neurons for texture statistics.

Main Methods:

Generated texture stimuli using a statistical model matched to natural textures.
Recorded neuronal responses from V1 and V2 in anesthetized macaque monkeys.
Assessed texture classification and sample identification accuracy based on neuronal responses.

Main Results:

V2 neurons demonstrated greater selectivity and tolerance for texture statistics compared to V1 neurons.
V1 neurons performed better in identifying specific texture samples.
V2 neurons excelled in classifying different texture types.

Conclusions:

Area V2 neurons are specialized for representing texture statistics, showing enhanced selectivity and tolerance.
These findings highlight the distinct roles of V1 and V2 in visual texture processing.