Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

6.7K
Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
6.7K
Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

28
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
28

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Probiotic supplementation for anxiety symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Breastfeeding may lessen socioeconomic disparities in child health through differences in the infant gut microbiome.

Cell reports. Medicine·2026
Same author

The potential of live biotherapeutic products in allergic disease: current findings and future directions.

Frontiers in microbiomes·2026
Same author

A randomized safety and feasibility crossover trial of two Mediterranean-ketogenic interventions in individuals with Parkinson's disease.

Journal of Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Early-life microbiota skews long-term gene expression and chromatin states of bone marrow hematopoietic precursors.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

The infant gut microbiome and the intergenerational transmission of psychiatric risk.

Brain, behavior, and immunity·2025
Same journal

Gut commensal Bacteroides-derived pantothenic acid alleviates metabolic syndrome.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Predicting antimicrobial resistance for precision medicine.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Meta-analysis reveals microbiome signatures for colorectal cancer that are universal across age groups and sequencing methods.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Single-cell detection and quantification of the microbiota by MicFLY.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Suppression of host salicylic acid defense by a phloem-colonizing pathogen effector in citrus Huanglongbing.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

CBASS limits bacteriophage production while maintaining cell viability in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Cell host & microbe·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System
07:32

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System

Published on: August 30, 2019

9.4K

Human Microbiota-Associated Mice: A Model with Challenges.

Marie-Claire Arrieta1, Jens Walter2, B Brett Finlay3

  • 1Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Cell Host & Microbe
|May 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice are common in gut microbiome research. This study highlights ecological and evolutionary factors that complicate HMA mouse studies and suggests improved experimental designs for reliable findings.

More Related Videos

Operating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure
05:34

Operating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure

Published on: December 13, 2024

1.2K
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

15.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System
07:32

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System

Published on: August 30, 2019

9.4K
Operating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure
05:34

Operating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure

Published on: December 13, 2024

1.2K
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

15.4K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice are widely utilized models in gut microbiome research.
  • The complex interplay between mammalian hosts and their gut microbiota involves ecological and evolutionary dynamics.
  • These dynamics can introduce confounding factors into HMA mouse studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the ecological and evolutionary aspects of the mammalian-gut microbiome relationship.
  • To identify how these aspects confound the application of HMA mice in research.
  • To propose improved experimental designs for more meaningful findings in HMA mouse studies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and theoretical discussion.
  • Analysis of ecological and evolutionary principles applied to host-microbiome interactions.
  • Conceptualization of alternative experimental frameworks.

Main Results:

  • HMA mouse models may not fully recapitulate natural host-microbiome dynamics due to ecological and evolutionary complexities.
  • Specific ecological factors (e.g., competition, niche availability) and evolutionary pressures can alter microbial community structure and function in HMA mice.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for interpreting HMA mouse study results.

Conclusions:

  • The application of HMA mice in gut microbiome research requires careful consideration of ecological and evolutionary contexts.
  • Experimental designs should aim to mitigate confounding factors by better reflecting natural host-microbiome interrelationships.
  • Adopting refined methodologies will enhance the validity and impact of findings derived from HMA mouse models.