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Area of Science:

  • Liquid Crystal Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Theoretical Chemistry

Background:

  • Bent-core and dimeric materials exhibit complex liquid crystalline phases.
  • Understanding one-dimensional modulated nematic structures (ODMNS) is crucial for advanced materials.
  • Chirality significantly influences the behavior of liquid crystalline phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of ODMNS in both nonchiral and intrinsically chiral liquid crystalline materials.
  • To identify and characterize novel ODMNS using theoretical modeling.
  • To explore the influence of molecular chirality on the stability and formation of these structures.

Main Methods:

  • Application of Landau-de Gennes theory for nematics.
  • Inclusion of molecular steric polarization effects.
  • Theoretical analysis of phase formation in chiral and nonchiral systems.

Main Results:

  • Identification of four bulk ODMNS in nonchiral materials, including novel longitudinal (N_{LP}) and transverse (N_{TP}) periodic waves.
  • Detailed characterization of the twist-bend nematic (N_{TB}) and splay-bend nematic (N_{SB}) phases.
  • Demonstration that molecular chirality converts N_{TP} and N_{SB} into new N_{TB} phases.
  • Observation that the nonchiral N_{LP} phase remains stable even with intrinsic chirality.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a richer landscape of ODMNS than previously known, particularly in nonchiral systems.
  • Chirality plays a complex role, transforming some structures while leaving others, like N_{LP}, remarkably stable.
  • These findings advance the fundamental understanding of liquid crystal phase behavior and material design.