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Imagine a rigid body with a mass denoted as 'm', which has its center of mass at point G and is rotating around an inertial reference frame. The angular momentum at an arbitrary point P can be calculated by taking the cross product of the position vector and linear momentum vector for each individual mass element.
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The concept of angular momentum for a solid structure is illustrated as the cumulative result of the cross-product of the position vector of the mass element and the cross-product of the body's angular velocity with the position vector.
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Angular momentum characterizes an object's rotational motion and is defined as the moment of its linear momentum about a specified point O. When a particle moves along a curved path in the x-y plane, the scalar formulation calculates the magnitude of its angular momentum, utilizing the moment arm (d), representing the perpendicular distance from point O to the line of action of the linear momentum. Despite being scalar in formulation, angular momentum is inherently a vector quantity. Its...
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Angular momentum is directed perpendicular to the plane of the rotation, and its magnitude depends on the choice of the origin. The perpendicular vector joining the linear momentum vector of an object to the origin is called the “lever arm.” If the lever arm and linear momentum are collinear, then the magnitude of the angular momentum is zero. Therefore, in this case, the object rotates about the origin such that it lies on the rim of the circumference defined by the lever arm...
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A system's total angular momentum remains constant if the net external torque acting on the system is zero. Considering a system that consists of n tiny particles, the angular momentum of any tiny particle may change, but the system's total angular momentum would remain constant. The principle of conservation of angular momentum only considers the net external torque acting on the system. While there are internal forces exerted by different particles within the system that also produce...
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Matrix elements of explicitly correlated Gaussian basis functions with arbitrary angular momentum.

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  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.

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A novel algorithm precisely computes quantum mechanical properties for atoms. This method utilizes explicitly correlated Gaussian functions for accurate calculations on multi-electron systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Atomic Physics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Accurate quantum-mechanical calculations are crucial for understanding atomic and molecular properties.
  • Existing methods may face challenges with arbitrary angular momentum and explicit electron correlation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new algorithm for calculating Hamiltonian matrix elements.
  • To enable high-accuracy quantum-mechanical calculations for atoms with arbitrary angular momentum.
  • To provide a unified framework for studying small atoms and molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a new algorithm for Hamiltonian matrix element calculation.
  • Utilizing all-electron explicitly correlated Gaussian functions.
  • Application to excited states of three- and four-electron systems.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm successfully calculates Hamiltonian matrix elements for atoms with arbitrary angular momentum.
  • Validation performed on excited states of three- and four-electron systems.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility and accuracy of the new computational approach.

Conclusions:

  • The presented algorithm offers a robust method for quantum-mechanical calculations.
  • The formalism serves as a unified framework for high-accuracy atomic and molecular property calculations.
  • This work advances computational methods in atomic and molecular physics.