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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Potential of VSFG Microscopy in Studying Mesoscopically Heterogeneous Self-Assembled Structures
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Quantitative velocity modulation spectroscopy.

James N Hodges1, Benjamin J McCall1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|May 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Velocity Modulation Spectroscopy (VMS) analysis is improved by examining subtle lineshape changes. This allows for precise determination of molecular ion properties and ion mobility in glow discharges.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics

Background:

  • Velocity Modulation Spectroscopy (VMS) is a key technique for studying molecular ions.
  • Interpreting VMS lineshapes has been challenging due to parameter covariance (velocity modulation amplitude, linewidth, intensity).
  • This complexity has limited the quantitative application of VMS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the complexity in VMS lineshape interpretation.
  • To enable quantitative analysis of VMS data.
  • To determine key spectroscopic and physical parameters of molecular ions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of subtle changes in VMS lineshapes.
  • Advanced fitting procedures for spectroscopic data.
  • Glow discharge spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that subtle lineshape variations allow for resolving previously covariant fit parameters.
  • Enabled determination of linewidth, relative intensity, velocity modulation amplitude, and electric field strength.
  • Explained the large homogeneous linewidth component and utilized it for ion mobility determination.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method enhances the quantitative capabilities of Velocity Modulation Spectroscopy.
  • Precise determination of ion mobility and other parameters is now achievable.
  • This work advances the application of VMS in physical chemistry and molecular physics research.