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Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

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Published on: January 7, 2019

CD8 Encephalitis Caused by Persistently Detectable Drug-resistant HIV.

Hiroshi Morioka¹, Naoki Yanagisawa, Shugo Sasaki

¹Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)

|May 17, 2016

Summary

A 52-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient experienced severe neurocognitive decline due to CD8 encephalitis. Treatment modification led to undetectable viral load and symptom improvement.

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Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is standard for HIV management.
Long-term HIV infection can lead to neurological complications.
Drug resistance mutations, like M184V, can impact treatment efficacy.

Observation:

A 52-year-old male with a 17-year history of HIV presented with severe neurocognitive disorders and bilateral leukoencephalopathy.
Despite ART, persistent low-level viremia and M184V mutation in serum and CSF were noted.
Brain biopsy confirmed CD8 encephalitis characterized by perivascular CD8(+) T-lymphocyte infiltration.

Findings:

The M184V mutation is associated with resistance to certain antiretroviral drugs.
CD8 encephalitis is a rare but serious neurological complication of HIV.
A switch to a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-sparing regimen was effective.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of monitoring for neurological complications in long-term HIV patients.
Tailoring ART regimens based on resistance testing and clinical presentation is crucial.
Successful management of CD8 encephalitis can be achieved through strategic treatment adjustments.