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Delayed visual loss due to radiation retinopathy.

Salih Uzun1, Sami Toyran2, Fahrettin Akay3

  • 1Dr. Salih Uzun, Department of Ophthalmology, Etimesgut Military Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
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Radiation retinopathy can cause vision loss years after head and neck cancer treatment. This case highlights radiation retinopathy as a cause of visual morbidity, distinct from diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Radiation retinopathy is a significant cause of visual impairment.
  • It affects patients treated for various head and neck cancers.

Observation:

  • A 65-year-old female presented with two months of decreased vision.
  • Ophthalmic examination revealed signs consistent with retinopathy, including exudates, hemorrhages, telangiectasias, and macular edema.
  • Fluorescein angiography showed capillary abnormalities and venous beading.

Findings:

  • The patient's symptoms and clinical findings were diagnosed as radiation retinopathy.
  • Diabetic retinopathy was ruled out due to the absence of diabetes mellitus.
  • The patient had a history of external beam radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer 10 years prior.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering radiation retinopathy in patients with a history of radiotherapy presenting with visual disturbances.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial to mitigate vision loss.
  • Distinguishing radiation retinopathy from other retinal conditions like diabetic retinopathy is essential for appropriate treatment.