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Kinematic Analysis of Four Plyometric Push-Up Variations
Laura H Moore1, Michael J Tankovich1, Bryan L Riemann1
1Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Armstrong Atlantic State University, Savannah, GA, USA.
International Journal of Exercise Science
|May 17, 2016
Summary
This study examined upper extremity plyometric push-ups, finding clap push-ups generated the highest ground reaction forces and elbow displacement. This provides insights for developing closed-chain plyometric training progressions.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Limited research exists on upper extremity plyometrics, particularly closed-chain variations.
- Previous studies primarily focused on open-chain plyometric exercises.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the kinematic and ground reaction force data of closed-chain upper extremity plyometrics.
- To compare the intensity of different plyometric push-up variations.
Main Methods:
- Twenty-one recreationally active males performed four plyometric push-up variations: 3.8 cm, 7.6 cm, 11.4 cm box drops, and clap push-ups.
- Kinematic data (peak flight, elbow flexion, elbow displacement, hand separation) and peak vertical ground reaction force were measured.
Main Results:
- The 11.4 cm and clap push-ups yielded significantly higher peak flight.
- Clap push-ups demonstrated significantly greater peak vertical ground reaction force and elbow displacement.
- Elbow flexion at ground contact was greater for 3.8 cm and clap push-ups.
Conclusions:
- The clap push-up is the most intense variation examined, indicated by higher ground reaction forces and elbow displacement.
- Understanding these kinematic variables is crucial for designing effective upper-extremity plyometric progressions.
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