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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
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Stem Cells in the Trabecular Meshwork for Regulating Intraocular Pressure.

Hongmin Yun1, Yi Zhou1,2, Andrew Wills1,3

  • 11 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|May 17, 2016
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Summary

Trabecular meshwork (TM) stem cells are key to regulating intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma. Research explores their location, isolation, and potential for TM regeneration therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the primary target for glaucoma treatment.
  • The trabecular meshwork (TM) outflow pathway regulates IOP, with cellularity and extracellular matrix turnover playing crucial roles.
  • Understanding TM physiology is vital for developing effective glaucoma therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anatomy and physiology of the TM outflow pathway.
  • To explore the characteristics, isolation, and function of TM stem cells.
  • To discuss the potential of various stem cell types for TM regeneration and glaucoma treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on TM anatomy, physiology, and stem cell biology.
  • Analysis of methods for TM stem cell isolation and identification (e.g., side-population cell sorting, sphere culture).
  • Examination of studies on stem cell differentiation into TM cells and TM regeneration.

Main Results:

  • TM stem cells are located at the TM insert region and retain labels in vivo.
  • TM stem cells are multipotent, capable of homing to the TM and differentiating into TM cells.
  • Other stem cell sources (adipose-derived, mesenchymal, induced pluripotent) show potential for TM regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • TM stem cells possess unique properties relevant to IOP regulation and glaucoma.
  • Stem cell-based therapies offer a promising avenue for TM regeneration in glaucoma.
  • Further research into glaucomatous animal models is essential for advancing stem cell therapies.