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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
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Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes01:19

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Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
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Potentiometry is an analytical technique that measures the potential difference between two electrodes in an electrochemical cell without drawing any significant current that could alter the solution's composition. This method employs an indicator electrode, which exchanges electrons with the analyte solution, and a reference electrode with a constant potential. Each electrode is immersed in a solution comprised of two half-cells. In a conventional setup, the reference electrode serves as...
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Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

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Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
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A Disposable Planar Paper-Based Potentiometric Ion-Sensing Platform.

Jinbo Hu1, Andreas Stein2, Philippe Bühlmann3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a simplified paper-based ion-selective electrode (ISE) platform for rapid, low-cost ion sensing. This disposable device offers accurate measurements for point-of-care and in-field applications.

Keywords:
analytical methodsclinical analysision-selective electrodespaper-based sensorspotentiometry

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are crucial for precise ion concentration measurements.
  • Conventional ISE setups can be complex and costly for widespread use.
  • There is a need for portable, low-cost sensing platforms for field and point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simplify the design of ion-selective electrodes by integrating them into a paper-based microfluidic platform.
  • To create a disposable, low-cost sensing device for accurate ion detection.
  • To demonstrate the clinical applicability of the paper-based sensing platform.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a planar, paper-based potentiometric cell incorporating an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode.
  • Development of a microfluidic sample zone on paper for sample delivery.
  • Testing of paper-based sensors for chloride (Cl-) and potassium (K+) ions in aqueous and biological samples.

Main Results:

  • A simplified, symmetrical potentiometric cell design with well-defined interfacial potentials was achieved.
  • Paper-based Cl- and K+ sensors exhibited reproducible and linear responses across various ion concentrations.
  • The disposable sensors required minimal sample volume (20 μL) and no pretreatment, demonstrating suitability for clinical applications.

Conclusions:

  • The developed planar paper-based ion-sensing platform offers a simplified, low-cost alternative to conventional ISE setups.
  • The scalable fabrication method and ease of use make it ideal for point-of-care and in-field diagnostics.
  • The demonstrated accuracy and reproducibility in biological samples highlight its potential for clinical applications.