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Diaphragm contractile dysfunction causes by off-target low-dose irradiation.

Chen-Hsi Hsieh1, Yun-Cheng Lin2, Yu-Jen Chen3

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Far Eastern Memorial HospitalTaipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversityTaipei, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversityTaipei, Taiwan.

American Journal of Translational Research
|May 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Low-dose thoracic radiotherapy can impair diaphragm function. This study found that 5 Gy radiation acutely reduced rat diaphragm strength and increased DNA damage and oxidative stress 24 hours post-irradiation.

Keywords:
Irradiationoxidative stressrespiratory measurementrespiratory muscles

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation oncology
  • Respiratory physiology
  • Muscle biology

Background:

  • The diaphragm, a key inspiratory muscle, can receive unintended radiation doses during thoracic radiotherapy.
  • The acute effects of low-dose irradiation on diaphragm contractile function are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of low-dose irradiation on diaphragm contractile function in a rat model.
  • To determine if acute irradiation causes diaphragm dysfunction and associated cellular damage.

Main Methods:

  • Rats received a single 5 Gy radiation dose to the diaphragm; controls received sham irradiation.
  • Diaphragm contractile function, oxidative injury (protein carbonyls), and DNA damage (γH2AX foci) were assessed 24 hours post-irradiation.

Main Results:

  • Irradiated diaphragms showed significantly reduced specific twitch and tetanus tension compared to controls.
  • Force-frequency curves were significantly shifted downwards in the irradiated group.
  • Protein carbonyl levels and γH2AX-positive cells were significantly elevated in irradiated diaphragms.

Conclusions:

  • Off-target low-dose irradiation can induce acute diaphragm contractile dysfunction.
  • This dysfunction is linked to direct DNA damage and indirect oxidative stress caused by radiation.