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High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Choosing attentional control settings in a dynamically changing environment.

Jessica L Irons1, Andrew B Leber2

  • 1Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 225 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. irons.39@osu.edu.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Goal-directed attentional control in visual search is driven by both maximizing performance and minimizing effort. However, additional factors like novelty seeking also influence how individuals select control settings.

Keywords:
Attention and executive controlCognitive and attentional controlVisual search

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Goal-directed attentional control is crucial for efficient visual search by prioritizing relevant environmental stimuli.
  • Previous research indicates multiple control settings can achieve the same goal, but the selection process remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether goal-directed control configuration is driven by performance maximization or effort minimization.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of control setting selection in visual search.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and utilized a novel adaptive choice visual search paradigm.
  • Participants chose between two targets (red or blue squares) with predictively varying distractor colors.

Main Results:

  • Participants generally selected the optimal target, demonstrating performance maximization.
  • A notable sluggishness in updating to the optimal target was observed, suggesting effort minimization.
  • A high rate of nonoptimal choices and target switching occurred, unexplained by performance or effort alone.

Conclusions:

  • Control settings are influenced by both performance maximization and effort minimization.
  • Individual differences in control strategies were substantial.
  • Novelty seeking may be an additional factor influencing control setting selection.