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Filtration

Filtration is a physical separation process that involves passing a suspension through a porous medium to separate solids from fluids. During filtration, solids collect on the porous medium while liquids, also collectively known as the filtrate, pass through. The filtration medium is selected based on the filtration purpose, quantity, and nature of the precipitate. The general criteria for a suitable filtering medium are that it is inert, mechanically strong, nonabsorbent toward dissolved...

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Efficiency of Respirator Filter Media against Diesel Particulate Matter: A Comparison Study Using Two Diesel

Kerrie A Burton¹, Jane L Whitelaw², Alison L Jones²

¹School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia kab843@uowmail.edu.au.

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

|May 19, 2016

Summary

Australian respirator certification may not fully protect workers from diesel particulate matter (DPM). Current testing methods using sodium chloride don't reflect DPM's unique characteristics, potentially compromising worker safety in industrial settings.

Keywords:

diesel particulate matter elemental carbon filter filtering efficiency penetration respirator respiratory protection

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health and Safety
Environmental Science
Industrial Hygiene

Background:

Diesel particulate matter (DPM) poses significant health risks, including cancer, in industrial workplaces.
Personal respiratory protective devices are crucial for mitigating DPM exposure.
Australian respirator certification (AS/NZS1716) uses sodium chloride testing, which differs from real-world DPM characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the filtering efficiency of AS/NZS-certified respirators against diesel particulate matter.
To compare the effectiveness of current Australian respirator testing standards with actual DPM exposure.

Main Methods:

Tested three AS/NZS-certified respirator filter models against diesel emissions from a generator and an engine.
Calculated the penetration of elemental carbon (EC), total carbon (TC), and total suspended particulate (TSP) through filter media.
Assessed filtering efficiency based on AS/NZS1716 standards.

Main Results:

Two of three respirator models met P2 certification filtering efficiency for DPM from a small generator.
All three models met certification requirements for DPM from a larger diesel engine.
Significant variations in filtering efficiency were observed depending on the DPM source.

Conclusions:

The current Australian respirator testing methodology may not guarantee adequate protection against all types of diesel particulate matter.
Differences in DPM characteristics (e.g., particle size, composition) impact respirator performance.
Further refinement of respirator testing standards is needed to ensure worker safety from DPM exposure.