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Updated: Mar 21, 2026

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

Published on: October 17, 2016

Creating biomaterials with spatially organized functionality.

Lesley W Chow¹, Jacob F Fischer²

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA lesley.chow@lehigh.edu.

Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.)

|May 19, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Biomaterials for tissue engineering aim to regenerate tissues but often fail to match native function. This review explores strategies for controlling biomaterial cues to better mimic the complex extracellular matrix organization essential for tissue regeneration.

Keywords:

Biomaterials biomedical extracellular matrix regenerative medicine tissue engineering translational

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Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

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Published on: June 6, 2012

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Biomaterials serve as scaffolds in tissue engineering to support cell growth and guide regeneration.
Engineered tissues currently lack the functional complexity of native tissues due to challenges in replicating the extracellular matrix (ECM).
The hierarchical organization of ECM components is critical for tissue-specific biological functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current advanced strategies for controlling the spatial presentation of physical and biochemical cues within biomaterials.
To address the limitations in recreating the complex hierarchical organization of native tissue ECM.
To enhance the functional outcomes of engineered tissue constructs.

Main Methods:

Review of state-of-the-art biomaterials design and fabrication techniques.
Analysis of methods for controlling spatial presentation of cues within scaffolds.
Discussion of strategies to recapitulate native tissue organization and function.

Main Results:

Significant advances in biomaterials design and fabrication exist.
Challenges remain in replicating the dynamic, hierarchical organization of ECM components.
Controlling spatial presentation of cues is key to improving functional outcomes.

Conclusions:

Mimicking the native hierarchical organization of ECM is crucial for functional tissue engineering.
Advanced strategies focusing on spatial control of biomaterial cues are essential.
Further development in biomaterial design is needed to achieve native tissue functionality.