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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
Published on: May 10, 2022
Virus and Host Testing to Manage Chronic Hepatitis B
Grace Lai-Hung Wong1, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong1, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan1
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Institute of Digestive Disease State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
Advances in hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing, including HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen quantification, improve understanding and management of chronic HBV infection. Genomic studies offer potential for novel diagnostic tools in the future.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology and Virology
- Diagnostic Technologies
- Infectious Disease Management
Background:
- Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma globally.
- Significant advancements in HBV testing have occurred over the last 50 years.
- Understanding HBV virology and natural history has been enhanced by sensitive HBV DNA assays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent progress in HBV testing.
- To highlight the application of advanced HBV tests in managing chronic hepatitis B.
- To discuss the role of HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen quantification.
Main Methods:
- Review of traditional serologic tests.
- Analysis of sensitive HBV DNA assays.
- Evaluation of hepatitis B surface antigen quantification.
- Exploration of recent genomic studies on host-virus interactions.
Main Results:
- HBV DNA assays provide a comprehensive understanding of HBV virology and natural history.
- Hepatitis B surface antigen quantification correlates with covalently closed circular DNA activity in the liver.
- Genomic research is uncovering host-virus relationships, potentially leading to new diagnostic methods.
Conclusions:
- Modern HBV testing, including HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen quantification, is crucial for disease staging and guiding antiviral therapy.
- The interplay between host genetics and HBV is increasingly understood, paving the way for future diagnostic innovations.
- This review emphasizes the evolving landscape of HBV diagnostics and their impact on patient management.
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