Paragonimiasis in a Child from Assam, India

Area of Science:

• Tropical medicine
• Parasitology
• Infectious diseases

Background:

• Paragonimiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease with global distribution.
• Endemic foci of paragonimiasis are present in Northeast India.
• Pulmonary paragonimiasis with hemoptysis is frequently misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis.

Observation:

• A case of pulmonary paragonimiasis initially presenting with hemoptysis is described.
• The patient remained undiagnosed for two years.
• Symptoms included hemoptysis, fever, and cough.

Findings:

• The patient received Praziquantel treatment (25mg/kg thrice daily for two days) with supportive care.
• After three months of follow-up, the patient showed significant improvement.
• Resolution of fever and cough was observed post-treatment.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering paragonimiasis in the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis, especially in endemic areas.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment with Praziquantel can lead to successful patient recovery.
• Increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance are needed to address this neglected tropical disease.