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PERIPHERAL RETINOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH APLASTIC ANEMIA.

Tatyana I Metelitsina1, Veeral S Sheth, Shuchi B Patel

  • 1*Retina Consultants Ltd, Des Plaines, Illinois; †University Retina and Macula Associates, Oak Forest, Illinois; ‡Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and §Department of Ophthalmology, Loyola Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. Metelitsina is now at Eye Care Specialists, LLC, Cape Girardeau, Missouri. Dr. Grassi is now at Grassi Retina MD SC, Naperville, Illinois.

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Severe vision loss in a child was linked to aplastic anemia, a bone marrow failure disorder. Rapidly progressing peripheral retinal nonperfusion highlights a critical connection between hematologic and ocular health.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Hematology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Aplastic anemia is a rare bone marrow failure disorder.
  • Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases require thorough investigation.

Observation:

  • A 4-year-old girl presented with decreased visual acuity and signs of severe ocular compromise, including elevated intraocular pressure, rubeosis, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and peripheral retinal nonperfusion.
  • Laboratory findings revealed pancytopenia, and bone marrow biopsy confirmed aplastic anemia.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited rapidly progressing, bilateral peripheral retinal ischemia unresponsive to standard treatments like laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injections.
  • This case highlights a severe, albeit rare, ocular complication of aplastic anemia.

Implications:

  • Early recognition of peripheral retinal nonperfusion in children with pancytopenia may indicate underlying aplastic anemia.
  • This association underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex pediatric cases involving hematologic and ophthalmologic abnormalities.