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Black perithecial pigmentation in Fusarium species is due to the accumulation of 5-deoxybostrycoidin-based melanin

Rasmus J N Frandsen1, Silas A Rasmussen1, Peter B Knudsen1

  • 1Department for Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

Scientific Reports
|May 20, 2016
PubMed

Insights

The black pigment in Fusarium graminearum relies on the PGL1 gene cluster. This study identifies key genes and novel compounds, including one inhibiting Candida albicans growth, revealing a new melanin type.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Biochemistry
  • Fungal Genetics

Background:

  • The black perithecial pigment in Fusarium graminearum is crucial for fungal survival and virulence.
  • Understanding the biosynthesis pathway of this pigment is essential for developing targeted antifungal strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the genetic basis of the black perithecial pigment biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum.
  • To identify novel compounds produced by the PGL1 gene cluster and evaluate their biological activity.

Main Methods:

  • Over-expression of the PGL1 gene cluster and its transcription factor pglR.
  • Targeted gene replacement of key genes within the cluster.
  • Chemical analysis of pigments produced and assessment of antifungal activity against Candida albicans.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a seven-membered PGL1 gene cluster essential for pigment production.
  • Over-expression of PGL1 led to the production of known compounds (1, 2) and novel compounds (3, 5-deoxybostrycoidin anthrone, purpurfusarin).
  • The novel dimeric bostrycoidin purpurfusarin (5) exhibited significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans (IC50 = 8.0 ± 1.9 μM).

Conclusions:

  • Fusarium graminearum utilizes a previously undescribed 5-deoxybostrycoidin-based melanin for its black perithecial pigment.
  • The PGL1 gene cluster plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of this melanin.
  • The identified novel compounds, particularly purpurfusarin, represent potential leads for antifungal drug development.

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