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Robotic surgery: current perceptions and the clinical evidence.

Arif Ahmad1,2,3, Zoha F Ahmad4, Jared D Carleton4

  • 1Department of General and Bariatric Surgery, John T. Mather Memorial Hospital, Port Jefferson, NY, USA. aahmadmd@aol.com.

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Summary

A study found that patients, healthcare providers, and hospital administrators have perceptions of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) that are not supported by clinical evidence. Most perceived benefits of RAS were not found in the literature review, except for increased precision and accuracy.

Keywords:
Laparoscopic surgeryPatient perceptionRobotic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Innovation
  • Medical Technology Assessment
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • A gap exists between perceptions and clinical evidence regarding robotic-assisted surgery (RAS).
  • Stakeholder perceptions (patients, providers, administrators) of RAS were compared against scientific literature.
  • This study aimed to quantify the discrepancy in understanding RAS benefits and drawbacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the discrepancy between stakeholder perceptions and clinical evidence for robotic-assisted surgery (RAS).
  • To evaluate perceptions of RAS concerning infection rates, operative time, blood loss, incision size, cost, length of stay, complications, precision, and tactile sensation.
  • To compare these perceptions with findings from a comprehensive literature review.

Main Methods:

  • Survey questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews with surgical patients (n=101), healthcare providers (n=58), and hospital administrators (n=6).
  • Respondents provided perceptions on various aspects of RAS compared to conventional laparoscopic surgery.
  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted to validate survey findings against clinical evidence.

Main Results:

  • Most respondents perceived RAS favorably, expecting decreased infection rates, smaller incisions, shorter length of stay (LOS), and fewer complications.
  • Perceptions indicated increased operative time, higher costs, and enhanced precision, accuracy, and tactile sensation with RAS.
  • Literature review largely did not support these favorable perceptions, except for increased precision, accuracy, and costs associated with RAS.

Conclusions:

  • A significant discrepancy exists between stakeholder perceptions and clinical evidence regarding robotic-assisted surgery (RAS).
  • Favorable perceptions of RAS benefits, such as reduced infection rates and shorter LOS, were largely unsubstantiated by clinical data.
  • The study highlights a need for better communication and education to align perceptions with the actual clinical evidence of RAS.