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Low-density lipoprotein derived from atherosclerotic patients enhances macrophage cholesterol accumulation and in
S Keidar1, M Aviram, E Grenadier
1Lipid Research Unit, Rambam Medical Center Technion Haifa, Israel.
Insights
Lipoproteins from patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are more prone to causing atherosclerosis. LDL from CHD patients enhanced platelet aggregation and cholesterol accumulation, unlike HDL which had varied effects.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Lipid Metabolism
- Atherosclerosis Research
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major global health concern.
- Plasma lipoproteins play a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis.
- Understanding lipoprotein characteristics in CHD is crucial for targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare plasma lipoproteins between individuals with and without coronary heart disease (CHD).
- To investigate the atherogenic potential of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) from CHD patients.
Main Methods:
- Plasma lipoproteins were isolated from five angiographically normal subjects and five patients with proven CHD.
- Lipoprotein levels (LDL-cholesterol, apo-B, HDL-cholesterol, apo-A1) were quantified.
- Biological characteristics, including effects on platelet aggregation and cholesterol metabolism in monocyte-derived macrophages (MPM), were assessed.
Main Results:
- Patients with CHD exhibited significantly higher LDL-cholesterol and apo-B levels.
- Reduced HDL-cholesterol and apo-A1 levels were observed in CHD patients.
- LDL from CHD patients significantly enhanced platelet aggregation and increased cholesterol content and esterification in MPM.
- HDL from CHD patients increased platelet aggregation, whereas HDL from normal subjects decreased it.
Conclusions:
- Plasma lipoproteins from CHD patients possess enhanced atherogenic properties compared to those from normal individuals.
- Specific alterations in LDL and HDL function contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease.
- These findings highlight lipoproteins as key players in atherosclerosis and potential therapeutic targets.
Abstract:
The aims of our study were to assess the differences between plasma lipoproteins separated from five angiographically normal subjects and five patients with proven CHD. The patients with CHD had significantly higher levels of LDL-cholesterol and apo-B, and reduced levels of HDL-cholesterol and apo-Al. The biological characteristics of LDL and HDL from both groups of patients demonstrated that the LDL from the CHD patients enhanced platelet aggregation and increased cholesterol content and cholesterol esterification in MPM compared to the normal patients. HDL had no significant effect on MPM; however, there was an increased platelet aggregation with HDL derived from the CHD patients, while the HDL from the normal group decreased platelet aggregation. The data suggest that lipoproteins isolated from CHD patients are more atherogenic than lipoproteins from normal patients.