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Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
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Dietary patterns and benign breast diseases: a case-control study.

Zeinab Tiznobeyk1, Zahra Sheikhi Mobarakeh2, Mostafa Qorbani3

  • 11Department of Community Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Hojatdost Street, Naderi Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran 14155/6117,Iran.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|May 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A healthy dietary pattern, rich in fish, fruits, and whole grains, may reduce the risk of benign breast diseases (BBD). Further research is needed to confirm this association in women.

Keywords:
BBD benign breast diseasesBenign breast diseasesCase–control studiesDietary patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Benign breast diseases (BBD) are common conditions affecting women.
  • Previous research explored links between specific food intake and BBD.
  • Dietary patterns, as a whole, have not been extensively studied in relation to BBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between distinct dietary patterns and benign breast diseases (BBD).
  • To identify if adherence to a 'Healthy' or 'Unhealthy' dietary pattern influences BBD risk.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 96 women with BBD and 70 controls.
  • Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis on data from semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ).
  • Statistical adjustments were made for age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and energy intake.

Main Results:

  • A 'Healthy' dietary pattern, characterized by fish, poultry, fruits, and whole grains, showed an inverse association with BBD risk (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.20, 0.99).
  • This inverse association remained significant after adjusting for confounding variables.
  • No significant association was found between an 'Unhealthy' dietary pattern and the risk of BBD.

Conclusions:

  • A healthy dietary pattern may be inversely associated with the risk of benign breast diseases.
  • Findings suggest that dietary choices could play a role in BBD prevention.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these findings and understand the underlying mechanisms.