Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

1.3K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.3K
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

1.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.3K
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:30

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

2.1K
Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and...
2.1K
Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents01:28

Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents

1.7K
Mixed-action adrenergic agonists, like ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, directly and indirectly affect adrenergic receptors. These agents stimulate adrenoceptors and indirectly release stored neurotransmitters, amplifying the adrenergic response.
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine lack a catecholamine group, making them less susceptible to degradation by metabolic enzymes. They have increased oral bioavailability and lipophilicity, resulting in a longer duration of action. Their response is reduced by...
1.7K
Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines01:24

Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines

2.0K
Theophylline, a member of the methylxanthine class of bronchodilators, has long been used in asthma management. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to have multiple effects on various cellular processes.
Theophylline is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This rise in cAMP and cGMP concentrations stimulates cardiac function,...
2.0K
Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:16

Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

4.1K
Adrenergic agonists' structure-activity relationship (SAR) determines their selectivity and efficacy. These agonists comprise a phenylethylamine moiety with an aromatic ring and an ethylamine side chain.
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Characterization of aperiodic and theta activity in preterm infants using EEG: Insights into cerebral maturation and inter-individual variability.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Children Classified as Medium-Risk by the M-CHAT-R at Age Two Years Have an Increased Likelihood of Subtle but Widespread Developmental Challenges at Preschool Entry: Results From the French National Birth Cohort ELFE.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders·2026
Same author

Symptom course in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diagnostic reasoning: an exploratory vignette-based study.

Psychopathology·2026
Same author

Translating Evidence Into Practice: Using the Open-Access Evidence-Based Intervention Database for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (EBI-ADHD) Platform to Support Shared Decision-Making.

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·2026
Same author

Coping Profiles of Parents at the Time of Their Child's Autism Diagnosis: Differences Between Mothers and Fathers, and Associations With Family Mental Health.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders·2026
Same author

Major depressive episode symptoms and help-seeking behavior: A network analysis in a nationally representative cohort.

Psychiatry research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

16.9K

Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate.

Maria P Bucci1, Coline Stordeur2, Eric Acquaviva2

  • 1UMR 1141 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-Université Paris Diderot, Robert Debré Hospital Paris, France.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|May 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Children with ADHD exhibit poorer postural control, potentially due to sensory integration issues. Methylphenidate (MPH) treatment significantly improved their postural performance, especially under challenging sensory conditions.

Keywords:
ADHDcerebellumchildrenpostural controlsensorimotor integration

More Related Videos

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
07:52

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Published on: September 18, 2020

9.2K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

16.9K
Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
07:52

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Published on: September 18, 2020

9.2K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often display deficits in motor control.
  • Postural control, essential for daily activities, may be impaired in ADHD due to difficulties in sensory integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate postural control in children with ADHD using spatial and temporal analyses of the Center of Pressure (CoP).
  • To evaluate the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) on postural performance in children with ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Spatial and temporal CoP analyses were conducted on 38 children with ADHD and 38 typically developing controls.
  • Postural stability was assessed under various conditions (eyes open/closed, visual perturbation, stable/unstable platforms) before and after 1 month of MPH treatment in the ADHD group.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD showed poorer spatial and temporal postural stability compared to controls, with altered spectral power index and canceling time.
  • MPH treatment significantly reduced CoP surface area and mean velocity, particularly under complex conditions.
  • MPH decreased the spectral power index, suggesting improved sensory processing without altering low-level processes.

Conclusions:

  • Poorer postural control in ADHD supports the hypothesis of cerebellar dysfunction.
  • MPH treatment enhances postural control in children with ADHD by improving sensory input processing.
  • These findings highlight the potential of MPH in managing motor deficits associated with ADHD.